Floods are the most common and widespread of all natural hazards. Some floods develop over a period of days, but flash floods can result in raging waters in just a few minutes. Remember even very small streams, gullies, creeks, culverts, dry streambeds or low-lying ground that may appear harmless in dry weather can flood. Wherever you live, be aware of potential flooding hazards. If you live in a low-lying area, or near water, you must be prepared for floods.

Here are some important tips in getting ready for a flood:

Before a flood...

• Know the terms that warn of potential flooding conditions, Flood forecasts, Flood warnings, Flash flood watches or, Flash flood warnings. Know who will sound the warnings, when they will be sounded, under what circumstances they will be sounded and how you should respond.
• Keep a stock of food that requires no cooking or refrigeration. Store drinking water in clean closed containers. Remember, your electric power, gas and water services may be disrupted. Keep a portable, battery-operated radio, emergency cooking equipment and flashlights in working order; stock extra batteries. Have on hand first aid supplies and any medicines your family may need.
• Find out if you live in a flood prone area and what the average flood depths in your community are.
• Learn of safe flood evacuation routes and where to find shelter. Be prepared for evacuation.
• Know the elevation of your property in relation to nearby streams so that you will know if the flood elevations forecasted will affect your hove and property.
• Contact your insurance agent to discuss flood insurance coverage. Flood losses are not covered under normal homeowners' policies. Get coverage early, there is usually a waiting period before it takes effect.

During or after heavy rains...

• In heavy rains, be aware especially of flash floods. If you see any possibility of a flash flood occurring, move immediately to a safer location. Do not wait for instructions to move.
• Listen to radio and television for information and instructions from local government and emergency managers.
• Put sandbags or other protection in place, based on anticipated flood depths.
• If you are advised to evacuate; Secure your home before leaving, turn off utilities at the main switches or valves, disconnect electrical appliances, make sure you have enough fuel in your car, and leave early to avoid being marooned by flooded roads.

After a flood...

• Do not visit disaster areas, unless you are authorized to do so.
• If you have flood insurance, notify your agent that you have a loss.
• Tune in to radio and television for advice and instructions on where to obtain medical care and where to get assistance.
• Do not enter your hove if flood waters are over the first floor; you cannot tell whether the building is safe to enter.
• Use battery-powered lanterns or flashlights (not oil or gas lanterns or torches)to examine buildings.
• Check with local authorities before using any water. Water sources may have been contaminated by the flood. Wells should be pumped out and the water tested by authorities before drinking.
• Do not consume food that has come into contact with flood waters.
• Do not handle live electrical equipment in wet areas. Have an expert check all equipment before returning it to service.
• Ask the gas company to check for leaks and turn the gas back on.
• Report broken utility lines to authorities.
• Watch out for poisonous snakes in previously flooded areas.

The National Flood Insurance Program

The National Flood Insurance Program is an insurance program offered through the Federal Emergency Management Agency for home owners in areas that may experience flood damage as a result of heavy rains, hurricane or other natural disaster. The insurance can be obtained through your insurance agent that provides your homeowners policy. Separate policies are needed for protection against wind and flood damage, which people frequently don't realize until too late. Contact your insurance agent for more information on this program.